Born in Illertissen, studied Pharmacy, Biochemistry and History in Munich, Würzburg, Boston and Paris; 1956 State examination; 1960 Promotion to Dr. rer. nat.; 1962 Promotion to Dr. de l´Univ. de Paris; 1980 Habilitation at the Ulm University; since 1972 teaching positions at the Ulm University for the history of medicine, history of the natural sciences, history and structure of medical ethics.