News

17Dec2024

Doctorate for David Werbunat: Congratulations!

David defended his dissertation on the topic "Coherent Networks of Uncoupled Digital Radars". Congratulations!
09Dec2024

Microwave simulations of human gestures and activities

Microwave simulations of human gestures and activities have been extensively studied in recent years to provide diverse training data for classification neural networks. Our recently published article in the IEEE Microwave Magazine takes a look at current research trends and present an overview over simulation methods, data assessment strategies, applications, and challenges.

Paper: Learning on Multistatic Simulation Data for Radar-Based Automotive Gesture Recognition
06Nov2024

Second place of the Argus Award 2024 for Tim Köhler and Veronika Kienle: Congratulations!

Congratulations to Tim Köhler and Veronika Kienle on receiving the second place of the Argus Prize 2024 awarded by HENSOLDT! Tim Köhler was awarded for his bachelor’s thesis "Radar Network Design for Coherent 3D-Imaging" and Veronika Kienle received the prize for her master’s thesis "Analysis and Design of Frequency Selective Surfaces for Sub-THz Radiometer Applications".
01Oct2024

EuMC Young Engineer Prize for Veronika Kienle: Congratulations!

We congratulate Veronika Kienle on receiving the Young Engineer Prize for her paper "Low-Loss Frequency Selective Surface for Sub-Millimeter Wave Radiometer Applications", which she presented at the European Microwave Conference.
19Sep2024

European Microwave Week in Paris

In the coming week, the European Microwave Week takes place in Paris. We contribute five paper presentation talks and one workshop presentation.

You will find us in the following conference sessions: EuMC12 (Wednesday at 8:50am), EuMC21 (Wednesday at 10:40am), EuMC35 (Wednesday at 3:10pm), EuMC48 (Thursday at 10:40am), EuRAD15 (Friday at 09:10am) und WTh02 (Thursday from 1:50 pm).
13Sep2024

Doctorate for Thomas Galler: Congratulations!

Thomas has defended his dissertation on the topic "Glas-Packaging für MIMCs im oberen Millimeterwellenbereich". We congratulate him on completing his doctorate!
06Aug2024

Doctorate for Johannes Schlichenmaier: Congratulations!

We congratulate Johannes on completing his doctorate. He has defended his dissertation on the topic "Extended Object Detection and Estimation in Dynamic Traffic Scenarios using Radar Sensors".
26July2024

Distributed Radar Networks

This work describes and analyzes distributed radar networks (DRNs) in which the virtual aperture size becomes large in comparison to the range-resolution. It is shown that many well-known properties of radar networks no longer hold true for DRNs and the classical FFT-processing is unable to use the full potential of DRNs. The introduced novel approximated matched filter algorithm enables unambigous estimation of the direction of arrival, independent of the antenna element spacing. Furthermore, DRNs in combination with the newly presented approximated matched filter algorithm are able to instantanously estimate the directional velocity of targets.

Paper: On Distributed Radar Networks: Signal Model, Analysis, and Signal Processing
24July2024

Uncoupled Digital Radars Creating a Coherent Sensor Network

How precisely must uncoupled radar sensors be synchronized in order to exploit their maximum potential by means of coherent signal processing? Julian Aguilar examines this central question in his latest publication. With the help of the presented signal model for bistatic OFDM radar measurements, the effects of synchronization errors were analyzed and criteria were derived to ensure coherency. These criteria will facilitate the design of radar networks in the future. A 77 GHz radar demonstrator has successfully verified the developed criteria. In addition, the signal processing methods presented offer flexible solutions for reducing deviations in sampling rate, carrier frequency and trigger timing, which relaxes the requirements for hardware components. Together, the criteria and signal processing-based synchronization methods are flexible and robust tools for the design of radar networks.

Paper: Uncoupled Digital Radars Creating a Coherent Sensor Network
28June2024

MWT at Berlin 6G Conference

Next week, we will be at the "Berlin 6G Conference". We will be presenting a poster at the booth of the project "6G-ICAS4Mobility". In addition, there will be a short presentation in the session "ICAS in Cellular Infrastructure and Sidelink", which starts on Tuesday, July 2nd at 1:00 pm.
24June2024

VDE Prize for Marius Widmann

We congratulate Marius Widmann on receiving the VDE Prize for his master thesis titled "Signalverarbeitungskonzepte für drohnengestützte SAR-Interferometrie".
24June2024

VDE Prize for Roald Schuh

Roald Schuh has received the VDE Prize for his bachelor thesis titled "Anisotropic permittivity characterization for multilayer structures in free space". Congratulations!
17June2024

IMBioC Student Paper Competition: First Place for Philipp Hinz

Philipp Hinz has won the first place in the Student Paper Competition of the International Microwave Biomedical Conference (IMBioC) with his paper "Enabling mm-Wave In Vitro Cell Vitality Measurements in Standard Cultivation Environment". Congratulations!
24Apr2024

MWT at EUSAR in Munich

Some of us are attending the 15th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR 2024) in Munich this week. We are the co-organizor of the invited session C.8 UAV-Based SAR (Friday from 9:00 am) in which we are also giving a presentation.
15Apr2024

MWT at ICMIM in Boppard

This week, we will be giving three presentations at the International Conference on Microwaves for Intelligent Mobility. The first of our presentations will take place on Tuesday at 2:10 pm in Session 2, the other two on Wednesday starting from 9:20 am in Session 4.
08Apr2024

Measurement Campaign on the Aletsch Glacier

In the research training group KoRaTo, UAV-based radar systems for the analysis of structures in the subsurface are developed. Recently, a team of the Institute of Microwave Engineering has sucessfully recorded cryospheric measurement data for the first time. For this campaign, we were in Switzerland and worked at the high-altitude research station Jungfraujoch at 3500m.
14Mar2024

MWT at EuCAP in Glasgow

We are contributing five papers to the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, which takes place in Glasgow in the upcoming week. Our three talks are in session CS21 (Wednesday), A11 (Thrusday), and CS12a (Friday). The two posters are in poster session PA6 (Wednesday) and PA3 (Thursday), respectively.
20Feb2024

Doctorate for Pirmin Schöder: Congratulations!

Pirmin defended his dissertation on the topic "Konzepte der Radarzielsimulation für komplexe Mehrzielszenarien". Congratulations!
19Feb2024

New Synchronization Concept for PMCW Radars

Curious about the impact of uncoupled references on PMCW radar networks? And how to overcome these effects? David Werbunat's latest paper, published in T-MTT, presents an innovative approach to synchronize PMCW radars using digital signal processing techniques. This research addresses effects such as sample and carrier frequency offsets, as well as uncorrelated phase noise, and presents recovery methods to mitigate them. The effectiveness of the concept has been confirmed through successful validation using a 77-GHz radar demonstrator, with very favourable results.

Paper: On the Synchronization of Uncoupled Multistatic PMCW Radars
02Feb2024

Machine Learning with Radar Target Simulation

How could you gather enough radar data for autonomous driving to successfully apply machine learning? This question is investigated by Nicolai Kern and Pirmin Schöder in their latest article, by presenting a new way to generate training data for neural networks. Real test drives are virtually augmented by simulated gesturing pedestrians with a hardware radar target simulator. The generated dataset enables a neural network to successfully identify traffic gestures in-the-wild without ever having seen a real human! Hence, the proposed approach allows to speed up the development of autonomous driving for the future!

Paper: Virtually Augmented Radar Measurements With Hardware Radar Target Simulators for Machine Learning Applications
18Jan2024

Best Paper Prize of Journal of Microwaves for Tobias Chaloun

Tobias Chaloun receives the Best Paper Prize 2022 of the Journal of Microwaves for his paper "Electronically Steerable Antennas for Future Heterogeneous Communication Networks: Review and Perspectives". Congratulations!
17Jan2024

Outstanding Reviewer Recognition for Matthias Linder

Matthias Linder has been recognized as Outstanding Reviewer by the IEEE Journal of Microwaves. Congratulations!
16Jan2024

Standardless Calibration Technique for Quasi-Optical Material Characterization

In this article, Adrian Diepolder presents a novel measurement and calibration method for quasi-optical material characterization. It is based on the rotation of the sample around its own axis to vary the angle of incidence at which the sample is illuminated. This method does not require any calibration standards; instead, the sample itself is used to calibrate the system. A highly accurate beam model takes into account a large number of transmitting antennas. Measurements in the frequency range from 220 GHz to 330 GHz of a known aluminum oxide sample verify the calibration method.

Paper: A Novel Rotation-Based Standardless Calibration and Characterization Technique for Free-Space Measurements of Dielectric Material
09Jan2024

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping for SAR Processing in the Field of Autonomous Driving

In the field of autonomous driving, high-precision radar images of the environment are essential for accurate trajectory planning and obstacle detection. In his new journal article, Timo Grebner presents a possibility for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing without relying on external localization systems. The relative localization, which must be known with millimeter accuracy in the frequency range of 77 GHz, is carried out exclusively on the basis of the radar data itself. This not only saves costs with regard to the installation of high-precision localization systems such as GNSSs or IMUs, but also enables the algorithm to be used in parking lots or tunnels where GNSS is not or only poorly available. Hence, the work is a breakthrough for cost-effective autonomous driving with the support of radar sensors employing SAR.

Paper: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Processing in the Field of Autonomous Driving
19Dec2023

Signal Model for Low-Frequency Coupled and Uncoupled MIMO Radar Networks

The paper presents a signal model applicable to low-frequency coupled and uncoupled MIMO radar networks. Additionally, signal processing methods enabling coherent processing in the range, velocity, and angular domain are introduced. We are able to show that phase noise is an insignificant factor in the process of establishing coherency in low-frequency coupled and uncoupled MIMO radar networks for the automotive sector. The presented signal model and proposed signal processing are verified by measurements with MIMO radar networks using CS-FMCW. The network operates at 76 GHz and is composed of two or three radar sensors, corresponding to 768 and 1728 virtual channels, respectively.

Paper: Signal Model for Coherent Processing of Uncoupled and Low Frequency Coupled MIMO Radar Networks
04Dec2023

OFDM Radar Network for High-Resolution Imaging

A novel radar network system that enables high-resolution radar imaging by combining a 4x4 OFDM radar with multichannel repeaters! This innovative network configuration presented by David Werbunat in T-MTT creates an extended aperture that provides detailed radar imaging - Without the cost and inflexibility drawbacks associated with large MIMO sensors! The success of the system is evident not only in systematic measurements, but also in automotive scenarios with multiple road users.

Paper: Multichannel Repeater for Coherent Radar Networks Enabling High-Resolution Radar Imaging
15Nov2023

Full tensorial hologram synthesis method

In his new journal article, Thomas Frey presents a novel full tensorial synthesis method for holographic-based leaky wave antennas. In order to extract the impedance tensor of an arbitrarily shaped pixel geometry, an angular-dependent nonlinear system of equations is created and solved. A 3D-tensor database is created, resulting in a very accurate realization of the anisotropic impedance tensor. This leads to a significant improvement of the polarization purity and the antenna gain. Based on the full tensorial synthesis method, an anisotropic holographic-based leaky wave antenna prototype is realized on a fused silica wafer for an operation frequency of 160 GHz. The article appears in the IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters and is now available in the Early Access.

Paper: A Full Tensorial Synthesis Method for Holographic-Based Leaky Wave Antennas
25Oct2023

Argus Award 2023 for Elias Ruopp

We congratulate Elias Ruopp on receiving the first prize of the Argus Award 2023 for his outstanding bachelor thesis "Combining Compressed Sensing and Backprojection for UAV-based SAR".
10Oct2023

MWT at ICEAA in Venice

This week we are at the International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications in Venice. Our three paper presentations are on Wednesday October 11 in "Session 31: Micro- and mmWave Sensors in Advanced Applications".
14Sep2023

European Microwave Week in Berlin

In the coming week, the European Microwave Week takes place in Berlin. We contribute seven paper presentation talks, one poster and two workshop presentations.

You will find us in the following conference sessions: EuMC05, EuRAD04, EuMC/EuRAD03, EuRAD12, EuRAD13, EuRAD14, EuRAD15, EuRAD12, WF2 und WF4.
11Aug2023

Detection of Road Markings With Automotive Radar Sensors

In the field of autonomous driving, high-precision radar images of the environment are essential for accurate trajectory planning. In his new journal article in IEEE Sensors Letters, Timo Grebner shows that with conventional automotive radar sensors (77 GHz) not only the detection of obstacles and other road users is possible, but also the detection of lane markings. By employing the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique, lane markings are captured with such a high quality that allows their automated extraction from the resulting SAR image via digital image processing techniques. Due to the high integration gain of SAR, this method enables the detection of lane markings without having to add additional reflective particles to the paint, which enables the algorithm to be used for existing lane markings.

Paper: Detection of Optical Road Markings With Automotive Radar Sensors
21July2023

AP-Symposium in Portland

We are presenting one paper about reflectarrays at the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Symposium in Portland in the upcoming week.

Join us in session "WE-SP.2P: Millimeter-Wave and THz-Wave Antennas with Beam-Scanning and Multi-Beam Functions".
20July2023

Semi-Analytical Modeling for Far-Field Patterns of Reflectarrays

Semi-analytical models for predicting the far-field pattern of reflectarrays are of great advantage to save computationally expensive full-wave simulations. In her latest journal article in the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Susanne Brandl presents a novel modeling technique for reflectarrays. This method allows to predict the effects of specular reflections, which usually appear in offset-fed reflectarrays, by fitting a model parameter based on a full-wave simulation of an array row.

Paper: Modeling Offset-Fed TE Reflectarrays for Far-Field Pattern Prediction at Upper mm-Wave Frequencies
17July2023

MWT at IGARSS

We have one paper presentation about UAV-based GPSAR at the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium in Pasadena this week.

You will find us in session "FR2.R9: UAV/Mobile-Mapping SAR Systems and Applications II".
14July2023

Tunable Biomimetic Antenna Arrays

By electronically tuning varactor diodes, the increased phase sensitivity of biomimetic arrays can be controlled in direction-of-arrival and the strength of the biomimetic effect becomes adjustable. In her latest journal article to be published in the Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Ines Dorsch discusses the requirements, describes a design process, and presents multiple demonstrators of tunable biomimetic antenna arrays in the 77 GHz range. Such arrays can adaptively adjust their characteristic depending on target parameters, allow for multi-step angle estimation, and improve the detectability of weak radar targets.

Paper: Tuning the Angular Characteristics of Biomimetic Antenna Arrays
03July2023

Doctorate for Patrik Grüner: Congratulations!

Patrik has defended his PhD thesis entitled "Biomimetische Antennensysteme für kompakte hochauflösende Radarsensoren". We congratulate Patrik on completing his doctorate!
29June2023

Probabilistic SAR Processing for High-Resolution Mapping

In the field of autonomous driving, high-precision radar images of the environment are essential for accurate trajectory planning and obstacle detection. Timo Grebner proves in his new journal article the feasibility of probabilistic SAR (synthetic aperture radar) processing. The advanced algorithm allows a high-resolution and amplitude-independent probabilistic SAR processing of the environment, resulting in a final image that represents a direct complex-valued occupancy probability. This presents an enormous advantage over conventional SAR processing schemes, which can only handle amplitude and phase information lacking suitable occupancy information. Hence, the work is a milestone for autonomous driving with the support of radar sensors employing SAR.

Paper: Probabilistic SAR Processing for High-Resolution Mapping Using Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensors
16June2023

IMS Advanced Practice Paper Award for David Werbunat

David Werbunat has received the International Microwave Symposium Advanced Practice Paper Award for his paper "An All-Digital Carrier Synthesis for Stepped OFDM Radars". Congratulations!
09June2023

International Microwave Symposium

We have two paper presentations at the International Microwave Symposium in San Diego in the coming week. You will find us in session "Tu3E: Advanced High-Frequency Mixed-Signal Circuits and Systems" and "We1G: Automotive and MIMO Radar".
19May2023

Extrinsic Calibration of Radar Sensors

Accurate knowledge of the mounting orientation of radar sensors is essential for precise environmental sensing and obstacle detection. In his latest journal article in the Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Timo Grebner presents a new method to estimate the mounting orientation of distributed radar sensors based solely on radar data. Furthermore, the algorithm functions with arbitrary targets, unconstrained sensor positioning, and random vehicle trajectories.

Paper: Self-Calibration of a Network of Radar Sensors for Autonomous Robots
04May2023

UAV-Based Detection of Buried Objects

Compared to existing methods, UAV-based ground-penetrating synthetic-aperture radars (GPSAR) offer significant advantages due to their highly adaptable flight trajectories. At heights of a few meters above ground, refraction effects at the surface must be considered for high-resolution imaging. Often, the surface is therefore assumed to be horizontal. In a new journal article in Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Alexander Grathwohl investigates the influence of uneven surfaces on the detection of buried objects in theory, and using simulations and measurements. It is concluded, that surfaces can be considered locally horizontal for shallowly buried objects.

Paper: Detection of Objects Below Uneven Surfaces With a UAV-Based GPSAR
01May2023

MWT at Radar Conference

We are contributing four papers to the Radar Conference taking place in San Antonio, where we are presenting work on radar target simulation, gesture recognition, array design and interference avoidance.
17Apr2023

Student Paper Competition of AP-Symposium: Honorable Mention for Susanne Brandl

Susanne Brandl's conference paper "A Flexible Measurement Setup for Far-Field Characterization of Reflectarrays above 200 GHz" has been selected as an Honorable Mention. Congratulations!
06Apr2023

Angle-Dependent Hologram Synthesis Method

A novel synthesis method for holographic multi-feed antennas, which allows to combine all sub-holograms into an angular-dependent shared holographic aperture, is proposed by Thomas Frey in a new article in the Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation. For a very accurate implementation of the analytical impedance tensor hologram, an eigenvector approach taking all tensor components into account is introduced. The holographic multi-feed antenna prototype is realized on a fused silica wafer and is intended for the integration into a 2D-monopulse radar system for the automotive frequency range.

Paper: Angle-Dependent Synthesis Method for Holographic Multi-Feed Antennas
04Apr2023

UAV-Based Bistatic SAR-Imaging

The combination of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with bistatic measurement geometries creates an opportunity to improve imaging significantly. A repeater element can be used for bistatic imaging to circumvent the need for highly accurate synchronization. In a new article in the Journal of Microwaves, Alexander Grathwohl and Benedikt Meinecke show simultaneous mono- and bistatic SAR imaging with an airborne UAV-based radar system and a stationary repeater element in a practical measurement scenario.

Paper: UAV-Based Bistatic SAR-Imaging Using a Stationary Repeater
21Mar2023

MWT at EuCAP in Florence

We are contributing three papers to the conference European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) taking place end of March in Florence. We are presenting our work in the following sessions: Wide-Scanning Antenna Array Concepts for Millimetre-Wave Application (CS53), Innovative Lens Antennas I (A10), Frequency-Selective Surfaces (E04).
14Mar2023

Doctorate for Hasan Iqbal: Congratulations!

We congratulateHasan Iqbal on completing his doctorate on the topic "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imaging and Polarimetric Clutter Analysis Using Automotive Radars".
10Mar2023

Efficient Radar Calibration

A highly-efficient calibration procedure for radar sensors enables the simultaneous storage of several measurement points by employing active radar targets. This is demonstrated by measurements in the near-field of the sensor. The results are presented by Matthias Linder in the Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, now available in IEEE Early Access.

Paper: Highly Efficient Calibration of Antenna Arrays by Active Targets in the Near-Field
20Feb2023

Doctorate for Mario Müh: Congratulations!

We congratulate Mario Müh on completing his doctorate on the topic "A Terahertz Sensor Platform for the Detection of African Trypanosomes".
17Feb2023

Video about Mine Search with Drones

Last summer, our research project about detection of land mines with the aid of radar sensors mounted on an UAV was presented in a TV report for the science program "nano". In this project, we collaborate with Urs Endress Foundation and Fondation suisse de déminage (FSD). The video is now available on the Youtube channel of FSD.

Video: Detecting Mines using High-Tech Drones
06Feb2023

Radar Target Simulation: Direction of arrival

A new signal model for arbitrary radar array configurations and beamformers is derived by Pirmin Schöder in his new journal article. With the new model, the capabilities of flexible direction-of-arrival simulations can be extended beyond existing methods. The generation of targets for radars with different antenna configurations is presented utilizing different approaches. The article appears in Transactions onAerospace and Electronic Systems and is now available in IEEExplore Early Access.

Paper: A Unified Model of Coherent Direction-of-Arrival Simulation for Radar Target Simulators
31Jan2023

Highly-integrated RF Transitions in Glass Package

The connection of mechanically flexible dielectric waveguides without the use of mode converters is now possible directly via an interface in a glass package. In his new journal article, Thomas Galler compares galvanically coupled and electromagnetically coupled approaches above 150 GHz. The article appears in Transactions on Microwave Theories & Techniques and is now available in IEEExplore Early Access.

Paper: MMIC-to-Dielectric Waveguide Transitions for Glass Packages Above 150 GHz
22Dec2022

VDE-Prize for Marco Veit

Marco Veit received the VDE-Prize for his master thesis about a tunable multilayer fishnet metamaterial lens at millimeter-wave frequencies. Congratulations!
25Oct2022

Gesture Recognition from Radar Simulations

Radar-based gesture recognition algorithms can work without a single measured sample for training! In a new journal article by Nicolai Kern, this is demonstrated by one-to-one re-simulation of a comprehensive real dataset, thus pointing out both the potential and the challenges of simulation-based data augmentation. The results are presented in the Transactions on Microwave Theories & Techniques’ special issue on AI for Microwaves, now available in Early Access.

Paper: Learning on Multistatic Simulation Data for Radar-Based Automotive Gesture Recognition
05Oct2022

EuRAD Young Engineer Prize for Pirmin Schöder

We congratulate Pirmin Schöder on receiving the EuRAD Young Engineer Prize for his paper “A Modulation-Based Target Simulator and Its Hardware Nonidealities”.
23Sep2022

Taking a Look Beneath the Surface

Multicopter UAVs offer unmatched flexibility, which allows for new ways for close-proximity ground-penetrating radar imaging without requiring traversable terrain. There is a large variety of applications that could benefit from these systems. In a new magazine article, Alexander Grathwohl and Michael Stelzig provide an overview of the requirements for high-quality imaging, current state-of-the-art applications and future possibilities. The system prototype is even featured on the IEEE Microwave Magazine's cover.

Paper: Taking a Look Beneath the Surface: Multicopter UAV-Based Ground-Penetrating Imaging Radars
13Sep2022

Doctorate for André Dürr

We congratulate André Dürr on completing his doctorate on the topic of radar systems for high-resolution imaging
29Aug2022

European Microwave Week in Milano

We are contributing seven papers and two workshops presentations to the conference taking place end of September.
25Aug2022

MIMO Radar with 1728 Channels

A new MIMO Radar with 1728 Virtual Channels for high-resolution 4D imaging is presented by Dominik Schwarz in his new journal article. The system is composed from 12 radar MMICs, exceeding the channel count of modern automotive radars by a factor of 10, has a new multilayer PCB concept to seperate RF circuitry and antennas, and features beamwidths of 0.78° (azimuth) and 3.6° (elevation). The article is already available on IEEExplore and will be published in the Journal of Microwaves.

Paper: System Performance of a 79 GHz High-Resolution 4D Imaging MIMO Radar With 1728 Virtual Channels
22Aug2022

International Radar Symposium

The institute contributes a paper about Interference of Automotive Radars in Complex Traffic Scenarios to the conference in Gdansk.
15Aug2022

Radar-Based Gesture Recognition with Neural Networks

Neural networks can reliably recognize real-world traffic gestures from multi-perspective radar target lists as input. Hence, the gesture recognition algorithm presented by Nicolai Kern in his article for the Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems is particularly suitable for autonomous driving in strongly scattering environments, helping vehicles to safely interact with pedestrians. The article is already available on IEEExplore Early Access.

Paper: PointNet+LSTM for Target List-based Gesture Recognition with Incoherent Radar Networks
19July2022

Prize for Doctorate

Martin Geiger was awarded a prize for his outstanding dissertation, donated by the Ulmer Universitätsgesellschaft. Congratulations! Martin wrote his dissertation about a flexible waveguide probe for MMIC-based radar systems at 300 GHz.